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(詳細はAteneo de Manila University (Filipino: ''Pamantasang Ateneo de Manila'') is a private research university in Quezon City, Philippines. Founded in 1859 by the Society of Jesus, the Ateneo is the third-oldest university in the Philippines. ==Pre-history== The founding of the Ateneo de Manila University has its roots in the history of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) as a teaching order. The first Spanish Jesuits in the Philippines, Alonzo Sánchez and Antonio Sedeño, arrived in 1581 as missionaries. They were custodians of the ''ratio studiorum'', the Jesuit system of education developed around 1559. Within a decade of their arrival, Sedeño and the Jesuits had founded the Colegio de Manila (''Colegio Seminario de San Ignacio'') in the historic core of Manila, Intramuros, in 1590. The Colegio formally opened in 1595, the first school in the Philippines.〔The Ateneo Aegis (Official Yearbook)〕〔 In 1621, the Colegio de Manila was authorized to confer university degrees in theology and arts by virtue of the privileges conferred by Pope Gregory XV on colleges of the Society of Jesus.〔Horacio de la Costa, S.J. ''The Jesuits in the Philippines.''〕 In 1623, Philip IV of Spain confirmed the authorization and in 1732 Philip V of Spain founded two ''regius'' (royal) professorships in the Colegio, one in canon law and another in civil law, making the school both a pontifical and a royal institution. The Colegio was frequently referred to in contemporary documents as the Universidad Máximo de San Ignacio, the first royal and pontifical university in the Philippines and in Asia.〔〔〔Roman A. Cruz, Jr. "The Ateneo Story." ''Aegis.'' 1959〕〔Jose S. Arcilla, S.J. ''Rizal and the Emergence of the Philippine Nation''. Office of Research and Publications, Ateneo de Manila University. 2003. ISBN 971-550-020-X〕〔Teodoro A. Agoncillo. ''History of the Filipino People, 8th Edition''. Garotech Publishing. 1990. ISBN 971-8711-06-6〕〔Horacio de la Costa, S.J. ''Light Cavalry.''〕 However, by the mid-18th century, Catholic colonial powers, notably France, Portugal, and Spain, had grown hostile to the Society of Jesus, in part because the Jesuits actively educated and empowered colonized people, restoring to them a sense of independence. Resentful of the influence the Jesuits had achieved, the colonial powers expelled the Society, often quite brutally, from their realms. In 1768, the Jesuits surrendered the San Ignacio to Spanish civil authorities following their suppression and expulsion from Spain and the rest of the Spanish realm, including the Philippines. Under pressure from Catholic royalty, Pope Clement XIV formally declared the dissolution of the Society of Jesus in 1773.〔〔〔〔 Pope Pius VII reinstated the Society in 1814, after almost seven decades of persecution and over four decades of formal suppression. However, the Jesuits did not return to the Philippines until 1859, almost a century after their expulsion.〔〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of the Ateneo de Manila」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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